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Nobel Prize for Physics
| Name | Year | The Work |
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Eric A. Cornell USA
Wolfgang Ketterle
Carl E. Wieman
|
2001 | "for the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates" |
| Zhores I. Alferov, Herbert Kroemer and Jack S. Kilby | 2000 | The researchers' work has laid the foundations of modern information technology, IT, particularly through their invention of rapid transistors, laser diodes, and integrated circuits (chips). |
| Gerardus 't Hooft, Martinus J.G. Veltman, Netherlands | 1999 | "for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics." |
| Robert B. Laughlin, U.S.A Horst L. Störmer, Daniel C. Tsui |
1998 | "for their discovery of a new form of quantum fluid with fractionally charged excitations." |
| CHU, STEVEN, U.S.A COHEN-TANNOUDJI, CLAUDE, France PHILLIPS, WILLIAM D., U.S.A |
1997 | "for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light" |
| LEE, DAVID M., U.S.A OSHEROFF, DOUGLAS D., U.S.A RICHARDSON, ROBERT C., U.S.A |
1996 | "for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3" |
| PERL, MARTIN L., U.S.A | 1995 | "for the discovery of the tau lepton" |
| REINES, FREDERICK, U.S.A | 1995 | "for the detection of the neutrino" |
| BROCKHOUSE, BERTRAM N., Canada | 1994 | "for the development of neutron spectroscopy" |
| SHULL, CLIFFORD G., U.S.A.` | 1994 | "for the development of the neutron diffraction technique" |
| HULSE, RUSSELL A., U.S.A TAYLOR Jr., JOSEPH H., U.S.A. |
1993 | "for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has
opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation" |
| CHARPAK, GEORGES, France (born in Poland) | 1992 | "for his invention and development of particle detectors, in particular the multiwire proportional chamber" |
| GENNES, PIERRE-GILLES, France | 1991 | "for discovering that methods developed for studying order phenomena in simple systems can be generalized to more complex forms of matter, in particular to liquid crystals and polymers" |
| FRIEDMAN, JEROME I, USA KENDALL, HENRY W, USA TAYLOR, RICHARD E, Canada |
1990 | "for their pioneering investigations concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, which have been of essential importance for the development of the quark model in particle physics" |
| RAMSEY, NORMAN F. USA | 1989 | "for the invention of the separated oscillatory fields method and its use in the hydrogen maser and other atomic clocks" |
| DEHMELT, HANS G (USA, born in Germany) PAUL, WOLFGANG (Germany) |
1989 | "for the development of the ion trap technique" |
| Leon Max Lederman, USA Melvin Schwartz, USA Jack Steinberger, USA |
1988 | "for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of
the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino" |
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